Budesonide (Nasal Spray) interactions

Checked as Budesonide (nasal) in this data source.

Full monograph for Budesonide (Nasal Spray)Check it against another medicine

Medicines

60 documented

Severity

Medicines documented to interact with Budesonide (Nasal Spray), worst severity first.
Medicine	Severity	Mechanism	Effect	Sources
Amiodarone Hydrochloride	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Aprepitant	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Beclomethasone Dipropionate + Chloramphenicol + Clotrimazole + Lidocaine	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…2 documented mechanisms	17 sources — open the full entry
Betamethasone + Clotrimazole	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Betamethasone + Clotrimazole + Gentamicin	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Bicalutamide	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ceritinib	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Chloramphenicol (Oral)	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Chloramphenicol + Lidocaine Hydrochloride	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ciprofloxacinbase Ophthalmic	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ciprofloxacin + Dexamethasone	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ciprofloxacin + Hydrocortisone Acetate	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Clarithromycin	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
ClotrimazoleEar drop Eye ointment Topical Vaginal tablet	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Clotrimazole + Hydrocortisone	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Crizotinib	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Cyclosporine (Oral)	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Danazol	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Dasatinib	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Dexamethasone + Chloramphenicol	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Diltiazem Hydrochloride	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
ErythromycinLotion Oral	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Esomeprazole + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Fluconazolebase Ophthalmic	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Fluvoxamine Maleate	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Imatinib Mesylate	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Itraconazole	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ketoconazole	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ketoconazole + Zinc Pyrithione + Aleovera	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Lansoprazole + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Lapatinib	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Larotrectinib	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Lopinavir + Ritonavir	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Metronidazole + Miconazole Nitrate	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Miconazole Nitrate	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Miconazole Nitrate + Hydrocortisone	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Miconazole Nitrate + Zinc Oxide + White Soft Paraffin	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Mifepristone	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Mifepristone + Misoprostol	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Nelfinavir	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Nifedipine	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Nilotinib	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Nirmatrelvir + Ritonavir	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ofloxacin + Clotrimazole + Beclomethasone + Lidocaine	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Palbociclib	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	16 sources — open the full entry
Pazopanib Hydrochloride	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Posaconazole	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Rabeprazole + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ranolazine	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry
Ribociclib	Moderate	Metabolism	Coadministration with inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 may increase the systemic bioavailability of budesonide, which undergoes extensive first-pass and systemic…	17 sources — open the full entry

Conditions

Conditions in which Budesonide (Nasal Spray) needs care, as documented in this source.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction
Moderate
The use of inhaled and nasal corticosteroids may rarely precipitate or aggravate conditions of hyperadrenocorticism. Although adverse effects of corticosteroids may be minimized by local rather than systemic administration, the risks are not entirely abolished. Inhaled and nasally applied drug may be absorbed into the circulation, especially when large doses are used. It is important that the recommended dosages of the individual products not be exceeded and that the lowest effective dosage be used. The development of symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, acneiform lesions, cataracts and cushingoid features during inhaled or nasal corticosteroid therapy may indicate excessive use.
30 sources
1. Kimmerle R, Rolla AR "Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome due to dexamethasone nasal drops." Am J Med 79 (1985): 535-7
2. Monk B, Cunliffe WJ, Layton AM, Rhodes DJ "Acne induced by inhaled corticosteroids." Clin Exp Dermatol 18 (1993): 148-50
3. Brogden RN, Heel RC, Speight TM, Avery GS "Beclomethasone dipropionate. A reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic properties and therapeutic efficacy after a decade of use in asthma and rhinitis." Drugs 28 (1984): 99-126
4. Clark TJ "Safety of inhaled corticosteroids." Eur J Respir Dis Suppl 122 (1982): 235-42
5. Messerli C, Studer H, Scherrer M "Systemic side effects of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosols (becotide, aldecine, sanasthmyl) in otherwise non steroid treated asthmatic patients." Pneumonologie 153 (1975): 29-42
6. "Product Information. Beclovent (beclomethasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
7. "Product Information. Vancenase (beclomethasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
8. "Product Information. AeroBid (flunisolide)." Forest Pharmaceuticals (2022):
Show all 30 sourcesShow fewer sources
1. "Product Information. Nasalide (flunisolide)." Syntex Laboratories Inc (2001):
2. van As A, Bronsky E, Grossman J, Meltzer E, Ratner P, Reed C "Dose tolerance study of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis." Ann Allergy 67 (1991): 156-62
3. Stevens DJ "Cushing's syndrome due to the abuse of betamethasone nasal drops." J Laryngol Otol 102 (1988): 219-21
4. Grahnen A, Eckernas SA, Brundin RM, Lingandersson A "An assessment of the systemic activity of single doses of inhaled fluticasone propionate in healthy volunteers." Br J Clin Pharmacol 38 (1994): 521-5
5. Edsbacker S, Andersson KE, Ryrfeldt A "Nasal bioavailability and systemic effects of the glucocorticoid budesonide in man." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 29 (1985): 477-81
6. "Product Information. Flonase (fluticasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
7. Barnes PJ "Drug therapy: inhaled glucocorticoids for asthma." N Engl J Med 332 (1995): 868-75
8. "Product Information. Rhinocort (budesonide)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals (2001):
9. Robinson DS, Geddes DM "Inhaled corticosteroids: benefits and risks." J Asthma 33 (1996): 5-16
10. Howland WC "Fluticasone propionate: topical or systemic effects?" Clin Exp Allergy 26 ( Suppl (1996): 18-22
11. "Product Information. Flovent (fluticasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
12. Thorsson L, Dahlstrom K, Edsbacker S, Kallen A, Paulson J, Wiren JE "Pharmacokinetics and systemic effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate in healthy subjects." Br J Clin Pharmacol 43 (1997): 155-61
13. McEvoy CE, Niewoehner DE "Adverse effects of corticosteroid therapy for COPD - A critical review." Chest 111 (1997): 732-43
14. Wiseman LR, Benfield P "Intranasal fluticasone propionate: A reappraisal of its pharmacology and clinical efficacy in the treatment of rhinitis." Drugs 53 (1997): 885-907
15. "Product Information. Nasonex (mometasone nasal)." Scherer Laboratories Inc
16. "Product Information. Pulmicort Turbuhaler (budesonide)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals (2001):
17. "Product Information. Azmacort (triamcinolone)." Rhone Poulenc Rorer (2001):
18. "Product Information. Nasacort (triamcinolone nasal)." Rhone Poulenc Rorer (2001):
19. Wales D, Makker H, Kane J, McDowell P, ODriscoll BR "Systemic bioavailability and potency of high-dose inhaled corticosteroids - A comparison of four inhaler devices and three drugs in healthy adult volunteers." Chest 115 (1999): 1278-84
20. Derom E, Schoor JV, Verhaeghe W, Vincken W, Pauwels R "Systemic effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate and budesonide in adult patients with asthma." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160 (1999): 157-61
21. "Product Information. Alvesco (ciclesonide)." Nycomed USA (2008):
22. "Product Information. Omnaris (ciclesonide nasal)." Sepracor Inc (2008):
Hepatic Insufficiency
Moderate
Formal pharmacokinetic studies using budesonide inhalation suspension have not been conducted in patients with hepatic impairment. However, since budesonide is predominantly cleared by hepatic metabolism, impairment of liver function may lead to accumulation of budesonide in plasma. Patients with hepatic disease should be monitored closely.
No sources recorded
Infections
Moderate
The immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids, particularly in higher dosages, may decrease host resistance to infectious agents, decrease the ability to localize infections, and mask the symptoms of infection. Secondary infections may be more likely to develop. Therapy with inhaled and nasal corticosteroids should be administered cautiously in patients with an infection, particularly active or quiescent tuberculosis infection of the respiratory tract or any untreated systemic fungal, bacterial, parasitic, or viral infection. Although adverse effects of corticosteroids may be minimized by local rather than systemic administration, the risks are not entirely abolished. Inhaled and nasally applied drug may be absorbed into the circulation, especially when large doses are used. It is important that the recommended dosages of the individual products not be exceeded and that the lowest effective dosage be used.
31 sources
1. Horton DJ, Spector SL "Clinical pulmonary tuberculosis in an asthmatic patient using a steroid aerosol." Chest 71 (1977): 540-2
2. Carrel TP, Schaffner A, Schmid ER, Schneider J, Bauer EP, Laske A, von Segesser LK, Turina MI "Fatal fungal pericarditis after cardiac surgery and immunosuppression." J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 101 (1991): 161-4
3. Vogt FC "The incidence of oral candidiasis with use of inhaled corticosteroids." Ann Allergy 43 (1979): 205-10
4. Milne LJ, Crompton GK "Beclomethasone dipropionate and oropharyngeal candidiasis." Br Med J 3 (1974): 797-8
5. Toogood JH, Jennings B, Greenway RW, Chuang L "Candidiasis and dysphonia complicating beclomethasone treatment of asthma." J Allergy Clin Immunol 65 (1980): 145-53
6. Webb EL "Nasal candidiasis in a patient on long-term topical intranasal corticosteroid therapy." J Allergy Clin Immunol 91 (1993): 680-1
7. Shaikh WA "Pulmonary tuberculosis in patients treated with inhaled beclomethasone." Allergy 47 (1992): 327-30
8. Kesten S, Hyland RH, Pruzanski WR, Kortan PP "Esophageal candidiasis associated with beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol therapy." Drug Intell Clin Pharm 22 (1988): 568-9
Show all 31 sourcesShow fewer sources
1. Brogden RN, Heel RC, Speight TM, Avery GS "Beclomethasone dipropionate. A reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic properties and therapeutic efficacy after a decade of use in asthma and rhinitis." Drugs 28 (1984): 99-126
2. Messerli C, Studer H, Scherrer M "Systemic side effects of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosols (becotide, aldecine, sanasthmyl) in otherwise non steroid treated asthmatic patients." Pneumonologie 153 (1975): 29-42
3. Executive Committee American Academy of Allergy and Immunology "Inhaled corticosteroids and severe viral infections." J Allergy Clin Immunol 92 (1993): 223-8
4. "Product Information. Beclovent (beclomethasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
5. "Product Information. Vancenase (beclomethasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
6. "Product Information. AeroBid (flunisolide)." Forest Pharmaceuticals (2022):
7. "Product Information. Nasalide (flunisolide)." Syntex Laboratories Inc (2001):
8. Grahnen A, Eckernas SA, Brundin RM, Lingandersson A "An assessment of the systemic activity of single doses of inhaled fluticasone propionate in healthy volunteers." Br J Clin Pharmacol 38 (1994): 521-5
9. Edsbacker S, Andersson KE, Ryrfeldt A "Nasal bioavailability and systemic effects of the glucocorticoid budesonide in man." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 29 (1985): 477-81
10. "Product Information. Flonase (fluticasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
11. "Product Information. Rhinocort (budesonide)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals (2001):
12. Howland WC "Fluticasone propionate: topical or systemic effects?" Clin Exp Allergy 26 ( Suppl (1996): 18-22
13. "Product Information. Flovent (fluticasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
14. Thorsson L, Dahlstrom K, Edsbacker S, Kallen A, Paulson J, Wiren JE "Pharmacokinetics and systemic effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate in healthy subjects." Br J Clin Pharmacol 43 (1997): 155-61
15. McEvoy CE, Niewoehner DE "Adverse effects of corticosteroid therapy for COPD - A critical review." Chest 111 (1997): 732-43
16. "Product Information. Nasonex (mometasone nasal)." Scherer Laboratories Inc
17. "Product Information. Pulmicort Turbuhaler (budesonide)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals (2001):
18. "Product Information. Azmacort (triamcinolone)." Rhone Poulenc Rorer (2001):
19. "Product Information. Nasacort (triamcinolone nasal)." Rhone Poulenc Rorer (2001):
20. Wales D, Makker H, Kane J, McDowell P, ODriscoll BR "Systemic bioavailability and potency of high-dose inhaled corticosteroids - A comparison of four inhaler devices and three drugs in healthy adult volunteers." Chest 115 (1999): 1278-84
21. Derom E, Schoor JV, Verhaeghe W, Vincken W, Pauwels R "Systemic effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate and budesonide in adult patients with asthma." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160 (1999): 157-61
22. "Product Information. Alvesco (ciclesonide)." Nycomed USA (2008):
23. "Product Information. Omnaris (ciclesonide nasal)." Sepracor Inc (2008):
Keratitis, Herpetic
Moderate
Pharmacologic dosages of corticosteroids may increase the risk of corneal perforation in patients with ocular herpes simplex. Therapy with inhaled and nasal corticosteroids should be administered cautiously in such patients.
13 sources
1. "Product Information. Beclovent (beclomethasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
2. "Product Information. Vancenase (beclomethasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
3. "Product Information. AeroBid (flunisolide)." Forest Pharmaceuticals (2022):
4. "Product Information. Nasalide (flunisolide)." Syntex Laboratories Inc (2001):
5. "Product Information. Flonase (fluticasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
6. "Product Information. Rhinocort (budesonide)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals (2001):
7. "Product Information. Flovent (fluticasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
8. "Product Information. Nasonex (mometasone nasal)." Scherer Laboratories Inc
Show all 13 sourcesShow fewer sources
1. "Product Information. Pulmicort Turbuhaler (budesonide)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals (2001):
2. "Product Information. Azmacort (triamcinolone)." Rhone Poulenc Rorer (2001):
3. "Product Information. Nasacort (triamcinolone nasal)." Rhone Poulenc Rorer (2001):
4. "Product Information. Alvesco (ciclesonide)." Nycomed USA (2008):
5. "Product Information. Omnaris (ciclesonide nasal)." Sepracor Inc (2008):
Osteoporosis
Moderate
Prolonged use of inhaled corticosteroids may be associated with a reduction in bone density. This effect appears to be dose-related and has been reported primarily with high dosages (>= 800 mcg/day of beclomethasone or equivalent for >= 1 year). Reduced levels of total body calcium have also been demonstrated in patients receiving lower dosages. Long-term therapy with inhaled and nasal corticosteroids should be administered cautiously in patients with osteoporosis. It is important that the recommended dosages of the individual products not be exceeded and that the lowest effective dosage be used.
24 sources
1. Grahnen A, Eckernas SA, Brundin RM, Lingandersson A "An assessment of the systemic activity of single doses of inhaled fluticasone propionate in healthy volunteers." Br J Clin Pharmacol 38 (1994): 521-5
2. Toogood JH, Crilly RG, Jones G, Nadeau J, Wells GA "Effect of high-dose inhaled budesonide on calcium and phosphate metabolism and the risk of osteoporosis." Am Rev Respir Dis 138 (1988): 57-61
3. Edsbacker S, Andersson KE, Ryrfeldt A "Nasal bioavailability and systemic effects of the glucocorticoid budesonide in man." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 29 (1985): 477-81
4. Konig P, Hillman L, Cervantes C, Levine C, Maloney C, Douglass B, Johnson L, Allen S "Bone metabolism in children with asthma treated with inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate." J Pediatr 122 (1993): 219-26
5. Kinberg KA, Hopp RJ, Biven RE, Gallagher JC "Bone mineral density in normal and asthmatic children." J Allergy Clin Immunol 94 (1994): 490-7
6. Barnes PJ "Drug therapy: inhaled glucocorticoids for asthma." N Engl J Med 332 (1995): 868-75
7. Toogood JH, Baskerville JC, Markov AE, Hodsman AB, Fraher LJ, Jennings B, Haddad RG, Drost D "Bone mineral density and the risk of fracture in patients receiving long-term inhaled steroid therapy for asthma." J Allergy Clin Immunol 96 (1995): 157-66
8. Hanania NA, Chapman KR, Sturtridge WC, Szalai JP, Kesten S "Dose-related decrease in bone density among asthmatic patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids." J Allergy Clin Immunol 96 (1995): 571-9
Show all 24 sourcesShow fewer sources
1. Martinati LC, Bertoldo F, Gasperi E, Micelli S, Boner AL "Effect on cortical and trabecular bone mass of different anti-inflammatory treatments in preadolescent children with chronic asthma." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 153 (1996): 232-6
2. Packe GE, Douglas JG, McDonald AF, Robins SP, Reid DM "Bone density in asthmatic patients taking high dose inhaled beclomethasone diproprionate and intermittent systemic corticosteroids." Thorax 47 (1992): 414-7
3. Reid DM, Nicoll JJ, Smith MA, Higgins B, Tothill P, Nuki G "Corticosteroids and bone mass in asthma: comparisons with rheumatoid arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica." BMJ 293 (1986): 1463-6
4. Ali NJ, Capewell S, Ward MJ "Bone turnover during high dose inhaled corticosteroid treatment." Thorax 46 (1991): 160-4
5. Howland WC "Fluticasone propionate: topical or systemic effects?" Clin Exp Allergy 26 ( Suppl (1996): 18-22
6. Packe GE, Robb O, Robins SP, Reid DM, Douglas JG "Bone density in asthmatic patients taking inhaled corticosteroids: comparison of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate." J R Coll Physicians Lond 30 (1996): 128-32
7. Thorsson L, Dahlstrom K, Edsbacker S, Kallen A, Paulson J, Wiren JE "Pharmacokinetics and systemic effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate in healthy subjects." Br J Clin Pharmacol 43 (1997): 155-61
8. McEvoy CE, Niewoehner DE "Adverse effects of corticosteroid therapy for COPD - A critical review." Chest 111 (1997): 732-43
9. Wiseman LR, Benfield P "Intranasal fluticasone propionate: A reappraisal of its pharmacology and clinical efficacy in the treatment of rhinitis." Drugs 53 (1997): 885-907
10. Luengo M, delRio L, Pons F, Picado C "Bone mineral density in asthmatic patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids: a case-control study." Eur Respir J 10 (1997): 2110-3
11. Wisniewski AF, Lewis SA, Green DJ, Maslanka W, Burrell H, Tattersfield AE "Cross sectional investigation of the effects of inhaled corticosteroids on bone density and bone metabolism in patients with asthma." Thorax 52 (1997): 853-60
12. Derom E, Schoor JV, Verhaeghe W, Vincken W, Pauwels R "Systemic effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate and budesonide in adult patients with asthma." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160 (1999): 157-61
13. Wong CA, Walsh LJ, Smith CJP, Wisniewski AF, Lewis SA, Hubbard R, Cawte S, Green DJ, Pringle M, Tattersfield AE "Inhaled corticosteroid use and bone-mineral density in patients with asthma." Lancet 355 (2000): 1399-403
14. Israel E, Banerjee TR, Fitzmaurice GM, Kotlov TV, LaHive K, LeBoff MS "Effects of inhaled glucocorticoids on bone density in premenopausal women." N Engl J Med 345 (2001): 941-7
15. Sharma PK, Malhotra S, Pandhi P, Kumar N "Effect of inhaled steroids on bone mineral density: a meta-analysis." J Clin Pharmacol 43 (2003): 193-7
16. Boulet LP, Milot J, Gagnon L, Poubelle PE, Brown J "Long-term influence of inhaled corticosteroids on bone metabolism and density. Are biological markers predictors of bone loss?" Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159 (1999): 838-44
Toxic Optic Neuropathy
Moderate
Prolonged use of corticosteroids may cause posterior subcapsular cataracts and elevated intraocular pressure, the latter of which may lead to glaucoma and/or damage to the optic nerves. Therapy with inhaled and nasal corticosteroids has only rarely produced these effects but should be administered cautiously nonetheless in patients with a history of cataracts, glaucoma, or increased intraocular pressure. Although adverse effects of corticosteroids may be minimized by local rather than systemic administration, the risks are not entirely abolished. Inhaled and nasally applied drug may be absorbed into the circulation, especially when large doses are used. It is important that the recommended dosages of the individual products not be exceeded and that the lowest effective dosage be used.
32 sources
1. Fraunfelder FT, Meyer SM "Posterior subcapsular cataracts associated with nasal or inhalation corticosteroids." Am J Ophthalmol 109 (1990): 489-90
2. Karim AK, Thompson GM, Jacob TJ "Steroid aerosols and cataract formation." BMJ 299 (1989): 918
3. Allen MB, Ray SG, Leitch AG, Dhillon B, Cullen B "Steroid aerosols and cataract formation." BMJ 299 (1989): 432-3
4. Kewley GD "Possible association between beclomethasone diproprionate aerosol and cataracts." Aust Paediatr J 16 (1980): 117-8
5. Messerli C, Studer H, Scherrer M "Systemic side effects of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosols (becotide, aldecine, sanasthmyl) in otherwise non steroid treated asthmatic patients." Pneumonologie 153 (1975): 29-42
6. Ghanchi F "Young patients on inhaled steroids and cataract." Lancet 342 (1993): 1306-7
7. Dreyer EB "Inhaled steroid use and glaucoma." N Engl J Med 329 (1993): 1822
8. "Product Information. Beclovent (beclomethasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
Show all 32 sourcesShow fewer sources
1. "Product Information. Vancenase (beclomethasone)." Glaxo Wellcome (2001):
2. "Product Information. AeroBid (flunisolide)." Forest Pharmaceuticals (2022):
3. "Product Information. Nasalide (flunisolide)." Syntex Laboratories Inc (2001):
4. Spaeth GL, Rodrigues MM, Weinreb S "Steroid-induced glaucoma: A. Persistent elevation of intraocular pressure B. Histopathological aspects." Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 75 (1977): 353-81
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